Phonemic inventory

Syllable structure

(C)V

C: a consonant
V: a vowel

Allophony

• Non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative non-nasal consonants [p k β ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding consonant other than [l].
• Consonants [m t ɸ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding non-lateral obstruent or nasal. After a voiceless consonant other than [l̥], nasals become non-nasal.
• Nasals [m n ŋ] persistently become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following non-lateral obstruent or nasal.
• Nasals [m n ŋ ŋʷ] persistently become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following non-lateral obstruent or nasal.
• [z] persistently become [ɾ] between a vowel and a vowel.
• [b d g gʷ ɸ β s z] become nasals before a nasal. Voiceless fricatives become stops; obstruents other than stops become nasals; [z] become [n].
• Nasals [m n ŋ ŋʷ] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation between an obstruent or nasal and an obstruent or nasal.
• Unrounded non-bilabial consonants [n k z ...] become rounded [nʷ kʷ zʷ ...] after a rounded vowel.
• Consonants [m tʷ s ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal. Before a voiceless obstruent, nasals become non-nasal.
• Consonants [m k z ...] assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal. Before a voiceless obstruent, nasals become non-nasal.

Some words

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