Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Bilabial | | Alveolar | | Velar |
Nasal | | | m | | | n | | | ŋ |
Stop | | p | | | t | | | k | gʷ |
Fricative | | | | | s | | | x | |
Approximant | | | | | | l | | | |
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
Low | | | | a | | |
Syllable structure
(C1)(C2)V
C1: a consonant
C2: one of /gʷ l/
V: a vowel
Allophony
- [gʷ] become [ŋʷ] after a nasal.
- Alveolar stops or nasals [n t] are persistently deleted between a stop or nasal and a stop.
- Non-glottal fricative obstruents [p k s ...] assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent.
- Unrounded non-bilabial consonants [n d z ...] become rounded [nʷ dʷ zʷ ...] after a mid-high rounded vowel.
- Non-bilabial consonants [n dʷ sʷ ...] assimilate in rounding to a following consonant and become unrounded word-finally.
- Nasals [m n ŋ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following non-lateral obstruent or nasal.
- Alveolar voiced fricatives [z zʷ] become non-nasal approximant laterals [l lʷ] after an alveolar approximant.
- Consonants [m d z ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal. Before a voiceless obstruent, nasals become non-nasal.
- Non-prenasalised voiced stops [b d g ...] become prenasalised [mb nd ŋg ...] after a nasal.
- Consonants [m p z ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding non-lateral obstruent or nasal. After a voiceless obstruent, prenasalised stops become non-prenasalised; nasals become non-nasal.
Some words
/kapakla/ | [kapakl̥a] |
/palexlapla/ | [palexl̥apl̥a] |
/akapo/ | [akapo] |
/gʷagʷegʷa/ | [gʷagʷegʷa] |
/tgʷakapa/ | [tʷkʷakapa] |
/sagʷo/ | [sagʷo] |
/xlese/ | [xl̥ese] |
/axgʷeko/ | [axʷkʷeko] |
/atasa/ | [atasa] |
/toke/ | [tokʷe] |
/pasao/ | [pasao] |
/kasasa/ | [kasasa] |
/aloka/ | [alokʷa] |
/ŋaslo/ | [ŋasl̥o] |
/koxgʷa/ | [koxʷkʷa] |
/aklee/ | [akl̥ee] |
/oxepo/ | [oxʷepo] |
/xogʷa/ | [xogʷa] |
/xokegʷla/ | [xokʷegla] |
/sosle/ | [sosl̥e] |
/xeka/ | [xeka] |
/tloa/ | [tl̥oa] |
/meso/ | [meso] |
/tletose/ | [tl̥etosʷe] |
/sakese/ | [sakese] |
/taleta/ | [taleta] |
/kaxasa/ | [kaxasa] |
/saketla/ | [saketl̥a] |
/xoone/ | [xoonʷe] |
/aŋoxa/ | [aŋoxʷa] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 4950845219.