Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Labial | | Alveolar | | Alveolar sibilant | | Velar | | Glottal |
| Nasal | | | | | m | | | | | n | | | | | | | | | | ŋ | | | | | |
| Stop | | pʰ | p | pʼ | b | | tʰ | t | tʼ | d | | | | t͡sʼ | | | kʰ | k | kʼ | g | | | | ʔ | |
| Fricative | | | f | | v | | | | | | | | s | | z | | | | | | | h | | | |
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
| High | | i | | | ɨ | | | u | |
| Low | | | | | a | ã | | | |
Syllable structure
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Allophony
- Voiceless stops [pʰ tʰ kʰ ...] persistently assimilate in aspiration to a following consonant other than [ɾ]. Before an aspirated consonant, ejective stops become non-ejective.
- Short non-nasal voiced phones other than [a], i.e. [b v i ...], become voiceless [p f i̥ ...] between a voiceless consonant and a voiceless consonant.
- Unaspirated voiceless stops [p t k ...] become aspirated [pʰ tʰ kʰ ...] after a glottal fricative. Ejective stops become non-ejective.
- Unaspirated obstruents [p tʼ t͡sʼ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent. After a voiced obstruent, ejective stops become non-ejective.
- Ejective stops [pʼ tʼ kʼ t͡sʼ] persistently become non-ejective [p t k t͡s] before a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- [h] become [ɰ̥] before a voiceless stop.
- [ɰ̥] become [ɤ̯̥] before a non-high vowel.
- Nasals [m n ŋ] persistently become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Non-nasal consonants [pʰ kʰ f ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding consonant other than a resonant. After a voiced consonant other than [ɾ], ejective consonants become non-ejective; aspirated consonants become unaspirated.
- Obstruents [pʰ tʼ t͡s ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal. Before a voiced obstruent or nasal, aspirated stops become unaspirated; ejective stops become non-ejective.
- Unaspirated voiceless stops [p t kʼ ...] become aspirated [pʰ tʰ kʰ ...] before a glottal fricative. Ejective stops become non-ejective.
- Non-nasal consonants [pʰ k v ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following consonant other than a resonant. Before a voiced obstruent or nasal, aspirated consonants become unaspirated; ejective consonants become non-ejective.
- Non-nasal consonants [pʰ k v ...] assimilate in voice to a following consonant other than a resonant. Before a voiced obstruent or nasal, ejective consonants become non-ejective; aspirated consonants become unaspirated.
- Unrounded central vowels [ɨ ɨ̥ a ã] become back [ɯ ɯ̥ ɑ ɑ̃] before a semivowel.
- Unaspirated voiceless stops [p t kʼ ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding non-nasal consonant other than a resonant.
Some words
| /husi/ | [hu̥si] |
| /fikʰu/ | [fi̥kʰu] |
| /tuhu/ | [tu̥hu] |
| /tʼitã/ | [tʼi̥tã] |
| /hakʼãh/ | [hakʼãh] |
| /ɾɨza/ | [ɾɨza] |
| /ɾɨhfãkʰɨ/ | [ɾɨhfãkʰɨ] |
| /fifɨ/ | [fi̥fɨ] |
| /ɾãhi/ | [ɾãhi] |
| /hifi/ | [hi̥fi] |
| /hɨdsu/ | [hɨdzu] |
| /zahiɾa/ | [zahiɾa] |
| /kʰatʼa/ | [kʰatʼa] |
| /ɾãha/ | [ɾãha] |
| /bãpʰasa/ | [bãpʰasa] |
| /tʰusã/ | [tʰu̥sã] |
| /sifa/ | [si̥fa] |
| /tʼisu/ | [tʼi̥su] |
| /kʼɨpi/ | [kʼɨ̥pi] |
| /kʼɨsa/ | [kʼɨ̥sa] |
| /hasibtug/ | [hasibdug] |
| /hutʼa/ | [hu̥tʼa] |
| /biu/ | [biu] |
| /hɨfa/ | [hɨ̥fa] |
| /fipu/ | [fi̥pu] |
| /tãdtʼi/ | [tãddi] |
| /fitʼã/ | [fi̥tʼã] |
| /ɾukã/ | [ɾukã] |
| /kapʰɨza/ | [kapʰɨza] |
| /sɨhu/ | [sɨ̥hu] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 51968136439.