Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Bilabial | | Alveolar | | Palatal | | Velar |
| Nasal | | | m | | | n | | | | | | |
| Prenasalised stop | | | mb | | | nd | | | | | | ŋg |
| Stop | | | b | | t | d | | | | | k | g |
| Fricative | | | | | s | | | | | | x | |
| Tap | | | | | | ɾ | | | | | | |
| Approximant | | | | | | l | | | j | | | w |
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
| High | | i | | | ɨ | | | u | |
| Mid | | e | ẽ | | | | | ɔ | ɔ̃ |
| Low | | | | | a | ã | | | |
Syllable structure
(C1)(R)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
R: a resonant; i.e. one of /ɾ l j w/
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant other than /j/
Allophony
- Prenasalised stops [mb nd ŋg] persistently become non-prenasalised [b d g] after an obstruent.
- Prenasalised stops [mb nd ŋg] become nasals [m n ŋ] before an obstruent or nasal.
- [n] persistently become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Non-bilabial consonants other than [j w], i.e. [n t s ...], persistently become rounded [nʷ tʷ sʷ ...] before a rounded semivowel.
- Vowels and semivowels [j ɨ ɔ ...] assimilate in frontness or palatalisation to a following consonant. Before a consonant other than [j], [j] are deleted. Before [j], [w] become [j].
- Obstruents [mb t kʷ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent. Before a voiceless obstruent, prenasalised stops become non-prenasalised.
- Non-nasal vowels [i u œ ...] become nasal [ĩ ũ œ̃ ...] before a nasal phone.
- Non-nasal vowels [i u œ ...] become nasal [ĩ ũ œ̃ ...] before a nasal vowel.
- Non-pharyngeal consonants other than [j w], i.e. [m p z ...], persistently become front [mʲ pʲ zʲ ...] before a palatal semivowel. Velar obstruents become non-front; velar rounded obstruents or nasals become unrounded.
- Non-nasal consonants [mb tʲ zʲʷ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal. Before a voiceless obstruent, prenasalised stops become non-prenasalised.
- Back vowels [u ũ ɔ ɔ̃] persistently become central [ʉ ʉ̃ ɞ ɞ̃] before a palatal semivowel.
- Back vowels and semivowels [w̥ u ɔ ...] become central [ ʉ ɞ ...] before a palatal semivowel. Semivowels are deleted.
- Non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative resonants [ɾ̥ ɾ̥ʲʷ lʲ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent.
- Central vowels [ɨ ʉ̃ ɞ ...] become front [i ỹ œ ...] before a front consonant.
- Front vowels and semivowels [j̥ y œ ...] become central [ ʉ ɞ ...] before a velar semivowel. Semivowels are deleted.
- Non-nasal consonants [mb dʲʷ ɣʷ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal. After a voiceless obstruent, prenasalised stops become non-prenasalised.
Some words
| /xenlɔ/ | [xɘ̃nlɔ] |
| /lwẽw/ | [lʷwɘ̃w] |
| /ndɨt/ | [ndɨt] |
| /bintɨ/ | [bɨ̃ndɨ] |
| /disẽk/ | [dɨsɘ̃k] |
| /dix/ | [dɨx] |
| /u/ | [u] |
| /xintẽd/ | [xɨ̃ndɘ̃d] |
| /titdɨt/ | [tɨddɨt] |
| /dixndɨnd/ | [dɨɣdɨnd] |
| /ɔ̃ddã/ | [ɔ̃ddã] |
| /jɾɨki/ | [ɾɨki] |
| /ses/ | [sɘs] |
| /nem/ | [nɘ̃m] |
| /selkam/ | [sɘl̥kãm] |
| /dwikta/ | [dʷwɨkta] |
| /nelɾɔ/ | [nɘlɾɔ] |
| /nɔli/ | [nɔli] |
| /dẽnɨ/ | [dɘ̃nɨ] |
| /tɨwsit/ | [tɨw̥sɨt] |
| /tɾitlɾu/ | [tɾ̥ɨtl̥ɾu] |
| /sisi/ | [sɨsi] |
| /sɨ/ | [sɨ] |
| /ndatte/ | [ndatte] |
| /tɔk/ | [tɔk] |
| /dlɔ̃i/ | [dlɔ̃i] |
| /e/ | [e] |
| /xitkɔs/ | [xɨtkɔs] |
| /xaig/ | [xaɨg] |
| /dãxlɔs/ | [dãxl̥ɔs] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 74142226292.