Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Bilabial | | Alveolar | | Alveolar sibilant | | Palatoalv. sibilant / palatal | | Vel. / uvul. |
| Nasal | | | m | | | n | | | | | | | | | |
| Stop | | p | b | | t | d | | t͡s | d͡z | | t͡ʃ | d͡ʒ | | k | g |
| Fricative | | | | | | | | s | | | ʃ | | | χ | ʁ |
| Approximant | | | β̞ | | | | | | | | | j | | | w |
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
| High | | i | | | | ɯ |
| Mid-low | | ɛ | | | | ɔ |
| Low | | | | a | | |
Syllable structure
(C1)(C2)(C3)V(R)
C1: a consonant other than a palatoalveolar obstruent (/t͡ʃ d͡ʒ ʃ/) or /w/
C2: one of /m n p t k t͡s t͡ʃ s ʃ χ β̞ j/
C3: a consonant
V: a vowel
R: a sonorant other than /w/; i.e. one of /m n β̞ j/
Allophony
- Non-bilabial obstruents or nasals [n g d͡ʒ ...] become rounded [nʷ gʷ d͡ʒʷ ...] after a rounded semivowel.
- Coronal obstruents or nasals [n t͡s t͡ʃʷ ...] persistently assimilate in laminality to a following coronal obstruent or nasal. Before an alveolar obstruent or nasal, palatoalveolar obstruents become alveolar.
- Short non-glottal stop non-affricate non-prenasalised voiced stops [b dʷ̻ dʷ ...] become fricatives [ zʷ̻ zʷ ...] between a vowel or semivowel and a vowel or semivowel. Non-velar stops become sibilants.
- [a] become [ɛ] before a palatal semivowel.
- Unrounded non-bilabial consonants other than [j], i.e. [n̻ g s̻ ...], become rounded [nʷ̻ gʷ sʷ̻ ...] before a rounded consonant.
- Consonants [m g sʷ̻ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Obstruents [p d͡z̻ s ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent.
- Non-glottal stop obstruents [p d͡z̻ s ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent.
- High vowels and semivowels [j̥ w̥ i ...] become non-high [e̥̯ o̥̯ e ...] before a non-near-high vowel or an uvular consonant except a vowel.
- High vowels and semivowels [j̥ w̥ i ...] become non-high [e̥̯ o̥̯ e ...] before a non-near-high vowel or an uvular consonant except a non-near-high vowel or an uvular semivowel.
- Velar or uvular obstruents [k x χ ...] persistently assimilate in uvularity to a following back obstruent.
- Consonants [m̥ gʷ sʷ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Palatoalveolar obstruents [t͡ʃ t͡ʃʷ ʒ ...] persistently become non-retroflexed alveolar [t͡s̻ t͡sʷ̻ z̻ ...] before a non-retroflexed alveolar fricative.
Some words
| /nɛgsi/ | [nɛksi] |
| /ɛpɛ/ | [ɛpɛ] |
| /bsijɛ/ | [psijɛ] |
| /tiχa/ | [teχa] |
| /sɛnt͡sɯ/ | [sɛn̥t͡sɯ] |
| /jɛsi/ | [jɛsi] |
| /pɔkij/ | [pɔkij] |
| /sassi/ | [sassi] |
| /sɛsɛ/ | [sɛsɛ] |
| /daski/ | [daski] |
| /t͡sakjɯ/ | [t͡sakj̥ɯ] |
| /kɯpbɛ/ | [kɯbbɛ] |
| /sa/ | [sa] |
| /d͡zɛt͡ʃaj/ | [d͡zɛt͡ʃɛj] |
| /gɯsɛ/ | [gɯsɛ] |
| /d͡zigɔ/ | [d͡ziɣɔ] |
| /tɔn/ | [tɔn] |
| /bisga/ | [bizga] |
| /bad͡ʒɛ/ | [bad͡ʒɛ] |
| /skɛʃɔ/ | [skɛʃɔ] |
| /tɛwɔ/ | [tɛwɔ] |
| /sɛ/ | [sɛ] |
| /jɔnɛ/ | [jɔnɛ] |
| /d͡zɔssa/ | [d͡zɔssa] |
| /jɯt͡ʃɔ/ | [jɯt͡ʃɔ] |
| /saj/ | [sɛj] |
| /χɛkɔ/ | [χɛkɔ] |
| /pɛjsɯ/ | [pɛj̥sɯ] |
| /ppsɛkij/ | [ppsɛkij] |
| /ntaʃa/ | [n̥taʃa] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 16736514320.