Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Bilabial | | Alveolar | | Palatal | | Velar |
| Nasal | | m̤ | m | | n̤ | n | | | | | | |
| Stop | | pʰ | p | | tʰ | t | | cʰ | c | | kʰ | k |
| Fricative | | | | | | s | | | | | | |
| Resonant | | | | | | r | | | j | | | |
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
| Near-high | | c̩ | | | | | | k̩ | |
| High | | i | | | | | | u | |
| Low | | | | | a | ã | | | |
Syllable structure
(C1)(C2)V(C3)
C1: a consonant
C2: one of /c k r j/
V: a vowel
C3: a consonant
Allophony
- Nasals [m̤ m n̤ n] persistently become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent.
- Non-nasal vowels and obstruents other than [s], i.e. [pʰ t kʰ ...], assimilate in aspiration to a following vowel or obstruent or nasal and become non-nasal aspirated and aspirated stops word-finally.
- Unaspirated non-nasal vowels and non-glottal fricative obstruents other than [s], i.e. [p c c̩ ...], become aspirated [pʰ cʰ c̩ʰ ...] after an aspirated vowel or an aspirated stop or nasal.
- Persistently before a bilabial stop or nasal, non-low vowels and stops or nasals become rounded; palatal consonants other than [j] become non-bilabial velar rounded stops or nasals.
- Voiced vowels and semivowels [j i a ...] persistently become breathy-voiced [j̤ i̤ a̤ ...] before a breathy-voiced nasal.
- Consonants [m̤ ŋʷ̤ kʰ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal. After an obstruent, aspirated consonants other than stops become unaspirated.
- Consonants other than semivowels [m̥ ŋʷ̤ ɟ ...] assimilate in voice to a following obstruent and become voiceless word-finally. Before a voiceless obstruent or pause, breathy-voiced nasals become unaspirated.
- Consonants [m̥ ŋʷ k ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal. Before a voiceless obstruent or nasal, aspirated consonants other than stops become unaspirated.
- Non-front rounded vowels [u ṳ] become central [ʉ ʉ̤] before a semivowel.
- Before a palatal or velar stop or nasal, bilabial stops or nasals become non-bilabial velar rounded stops or nasals; [b̤ b] are deleted; [m̥] are deleted.
- Central rounded vowels [ʉ ʉ̤] become front [y y̤] before a palatal consonant.
- Non-pharyngeal non-palatal or velar consonants [m̥ pʰ d̤ ...] persistently become front [mʲ̥ pʰʲ d̤ʲ ...] before a palatal consonant.
- Non-nasal vowels other than non-nasal vowels [i y̤ u ...] become nasal [ĩ ỹ̤ ũ ...] before a nasal phone.
Some words
| /tʰu/ | [tʰu] |
| /takʰa/ | [takʰa] |
| /tʰantu/ | [tʰãndu] |
| /tc̩ku/ | [tc̩ku] |
| /tʰakʰpʰim̤/ | [tʰakʷʰpʰĩ̤m̥] |
| /tʰãi/ | [tʰãi] |
| /sakpʰrc̩/ | [sakʷʰpʰr̥c̩ʰ] |
| /nk̩pʰak/ | [nkʷ̩ʰpʰakʰ] |
| /pʰipʰi/ | [pʰipʰi] |
| /kʰa/ | [kʰa] |
| /tirpʰup/ | [tir̥pʰupʰ] |
| /kʰakitʰ/ | [kʰakitʰ] |
| /pʰi/ | [pʰi] |
| /kinut/ | [kĩnutʰ] |
| /kʰãkni/ | [kʰãkn̥i] |
| /kãpa/ | [kãpa] |
| /akʰta/ | [akta] |
| /katʰk̩n̤/ | [katʰk̩ʰn̥] |
| /itmun/ | [itm̥ũn̥] |
| /pʰitʰ/ | [pʰitʰ] |
| /tʰãtʰa/ | [tʰãtʰa] |
| /tʰaprk̩/ | [tʰapr̥k̩ʰ] |
| /ncisat/ | [ɲɟisatʰ] |
| /tʰikatʰ/ | [tʰikatʰ] |
| /tutu/ | [tutu] |
| /uu/ | [uu] |
| /src̩ttʰi/ | [sr̥c̩ʰtʰtʰi] |
| /ni/ | [ni] |
| /nãktʰak/ | [nãkʰtʰakʰ] |
| /ap/ | [apʰ] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 10359851020.