Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̻̥ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̻̥ n͡m n̻̥ˠ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻̥ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /xat̻et̻a/ | [xad̻ed̻a] |
| /ape/ | [abe] |
| /ken̻e/ | [ken̻e] |
| /fen̻e/ | [fen̻e] |
| /xaeki/ | [xaegi] |
| /os̻i/ | [oz̻i] |
| /pofin͡m̻i/ | [povin͡m̻i] |
| /kat̻as̻e/ | [kad̻az̻e] |
| /mapa/ | [maba] |
| /n̻aee/ | [n̻aee] |
| /s͡f̻upeka/ | [s͡f̻ubega] |
| /pia/ | [pia] |
| /n͡m̻aku/ | [n͡m̻agʷu] |
| /kii/ | [kii] |
| /faie/ | [faie] |
| /t̻oɾi/ | [t̻oɾi] |
| /kait̻e/ | [kaid̻e] |
| /t͡p̻aɾofi/ | [t͡p̻aɾovi] |
| /n̻ima/ | [n̻ima] |
| /kit̻oe/ | [kid̻oe] |
| /mepixa/ | [mebiɣa] |
| /ɾaɾepe/ | [ɾaɾebe] |
| /kokeko/ | [kʷogegʷo] |
| /fepe/ | [febe] |
| /et͡p̻exu/ | [ed͡b̻eɣʷu] |
| /s̻iɾet̻eke/ | [s̻iɾed̻ege] |
| /t̻iɾa/ | [t̻iɾa] |
| /it̻a/ | [id̻a] |
| /ɾaos̻e/ | [ɾaoz̻e] |
| /fema/ | [fema] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.