Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̻̥ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̻̥ n͡m n̻ˠ̥ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻̥ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /ɾis̻es̻i/ | [ɾiz̻ez̻i] |
| /ixe/ | [iɣe] |
| /t̻et̻e/ | [t̻ed̻e] |
| /n̻epe/ | [n̻ebe] |
| /ɾieka/ | [ɾiega] |
| /us̻a/ | [uz̻a] |
| /xofaxa/ | [xʷovaɣa] |
| /t̻ikime/ | [t̻igime] |
| /mixi/ | [miɣi] |
| /t̻iee/ | [t̻iee] |
| /poxeka/ | [poɣega] |
| /xaa/ | [xaa] |
| /xit̻o/ | [xid̻o] |
| /kaa/ | [kaa] |
| /faae/ | [faae] |
| /kun̻a/ | [kʷun̻a] |
| /t̻aas̻e/ | [t̻aaz̻e] |
| /s̻in̻ufa/ | [s̻in̻uva] |
| /pama/ | [pama] |
| /kakoe/ | [kagʷoe] |
| /fexaɾi/ | [feɣaɾi] |
| /n̻in̻exe/ | [n̻in̻eɣe] |
| /kut̻et̻o/ | [kʷud̻ed̻o] |
| /n͡mes͡f̻e/ | [n͡mez͡v̻e] |
| /es̻eɾo/ | [ez̻eɾo] |
| /man̻ekeke/ | [man̻egege] |
| /s̻an̻i/ | [s̻an̻i] |
| /aki/ | [agi] |
| /n̻iume/ | [n̻iume] |
| /fefa/ | [feva] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.