Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̥̻ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̥̻ n͡m n̥̻ˠ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̥̻ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /kaxexa/ | [kaɣeɣa] |
| /ifi/ | [ivi] |
| /pipi/ | [pibi] |
| /n̻iɾi/ | [n̻iɾi] |
| /kaema/ | [kaema] |
| /exu/ | [eɣʷu] |
| /fen̻ot͡p̻a/ | [fen̻od͡b̻a] |
| /pixas̻i/ | [piɣaz̻i] |
| /t̻afa/ | [t̻ava] |
| /paie/ | [paie] |
| /ɾefima/ | [ɾevima] |
| /foa/ | [foa] |
| /t͡p̻ipe/ | [t͡p̻ibe] |
| /muo/ | [muo] |
| /n̻aoe/ | [n̻aoe] |
| /men̻o/ | [men̻o] |
| /paoxe/ | [paoɣe] |
| /xan̻en̻o/ | [xan̻en̻o] |
| /n͡mas̻a/ | [n͡maz̻a] |
| /muxei/ | [muɣei] |
| /t̻ikuka/ | [t̻igʷuga] |
| /n̻in̻iki/ | [n̻in̻igi] |
| /mepipe/ | [mebibe] |
| /n̻iki/ | [n̻igi] |
| /ixeke/ | [iɣege] |
| /s̻on̻ememe/ | [s̻on̻ememe] |
| /xon̻i/ | [xʷon̻i] |
| /umi/ | [umi] |
| /n̻aes̻i/ | [n̻aez̻i] |
| /n̻et̻a/ | [n̻ed̻a] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.