Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡mˠ̻ nˠ̻ tˠ̻ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ tˠ̻ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ tˠ̻ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ dˠ̻ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̥̻ d͡bˠ̻ s͡fˠ̻ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̥̻ n͡m n̥ˠ̻ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̥̻ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /t̻as͡f̻es̻a/ | [t̻az͡v̻ez̻a] |
| /ake/ | [age] |
| /peme/ | [peme] |
| /ɾeme/ | [ɾeme] |
| /t̻aefi/ | [t̻aevi] |
| /uxi/ | [uɣi] |
| /koɾiki/ | [kʷoɾigi] |
| /pas̻axe/ | [paz̻aɣe] |
| /n̻aka/ | [n̻aga] |
| /maee/ | [maee] |
| /mokepa/ | [mogeba] |
| /kia/ | [kia] |
| /kapo/ | [kabo] |
| /pii/ | [pii] |
| /n̻aie/ | [n̻aie] |
| /s̻uɾi/ | [s̻uɾi] |
| /pais̻e/ | [paiz̻e] |
| /n͡m̻at͡p̻un̻i/ | [n͡m̻ad͡b̻un̻i] |
| /mixa/ | [miɣa] |
| /fis̻oe/ | [fiz̻oe] |
| /n̻ekit̻a/ | [n̻egid̻a] |
| /ɾaɾeke/ | [ɾaɾege] |
| /pupepo/ | [pubebo] |
| /ɾeke/ | [ɾege] |
| /en͡m̻et̻o/ | [en͡m̻ed̻o] |
| /xiɾefepe/ | [xiɾevebe] |
| /s̻iɾa/ | [s̻iɾa] |
| /ifa/ | [iva] |
| /ɾauxe/ | [ɾauɣe] |
| /n̻en̻a/ | [n̻en̻a] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.