Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡mˠ̻ nˠ̻ tˠ̻ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ tˠ̻ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ tˠ̻ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ dˠ̻ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̥̻ d͡bˠ̻ s͡fˠ̻ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̥̻ n͡m n̥ˠ̻ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̥̻ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /xopemo/ | [xʷobemo] |
| /it̻u/ | [id̻u] |
| /n̻un͡m̻u/ | [n̻un͡m̻u] |
| /ɾifi/ | [ɾivi] |
| /xoema/ | [xʷoema] |
| /epa/ | [eba] |
| /t̻eɾat̻a/ | [t̻eɾad̻a] |
| /n̻imos͡f̻u/ | [n̻imoz͡v̻u] |
| /kis̻o/ | [kiz̻o] |
| /n̻oue/ | [n̻oue] |
| /t͡p̻et̻un̻a/ | [t͡p̻ed̻un̻a] |
| /s̻aa/ | [s̻aa] |
| /t̻in̻e/ | [t̻in̻e] |
| /n̻aa/ | [n̻aa] |
| /ɾaae/ | [ɾaae] |
| /meɾa/ | [meɾa] |
| /n̻aape/ | [n̻aabe] |
| /pot̻eɾa/ | [pod̻eɾa] |
| /n͡m̻aka/ | [n͡m̻aga] |
| /mamei/ | [mamei] |
| /kus̻axi/ | [kʷuz̻aɣi] |
| /t̻iɾus̻i/ | [t̻iɾuz̻i] |
| /n̻en̻un̻e/ | [n̻en̻un̻e] |
| /ɾus̻u/ | [ɾuz̻u] |
| /ipexe/ | [ibeɣe] |
| /paɾemen̻e/ | [paɾemen̻e] |
| /maɾi/ | [maɾi] |
| /ami/ | [ami] |
| /ɾies͡f̻u/ | [ɾiez͡v̻u] |
| /ɾeka/ | [ɾega] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.