Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡mˠ̻ nˠ̻ tˠ̻ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ tˠ̻ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ tˠ̻ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ dˠ̻ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̻̥ d͡bˠ̻ s͡fˠ̻ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̻̥ n͡m nˠ̻̥ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻̥ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /t̻exixe/ | [t̻eɣiɣe] |
| /efi/ | [evi] |
| /ɾin̻u/ | [ɾin̻u] |
| /ken̻u/ | [ken̻u] |
| /t̻eima/ | [t̻eima] |
| /ixa/ | [iɣa] |
| /fokafa/ | [fogava] |
| /mexepi/ | [meɣebi] |
| /pen͡m̻e/ | [pen͡m̻e] |
| /ɾeii/ | [ɾeii] |
| /n̻ofima/ | [n̻ovima] |
| /faa/ | [faa] |
| /feɾo/ | [feɾo] |
| /maa/ | [maa] |
| /kaai/ | [kaai] |
| /mika/ | [miga] |
| /ɾaaxi/ | [ɾaaɣi] |
| /xekika/ | [xegiga] |
| /n̻apa/ | [n̻aba] |
| /mas͡f̻ou/ | [maz͡v̻ou] |
| /s̻un͡m̻at̻e/ | [s̻un͡m̻ad̻e] |
| /kekin͡m̻e/ | [kegin͡m̻e] |
| /miɾiɾo/ | [miɾiɾo] |
| /kit̻u/ | [kid̻u] |
| /exit̻o/ | [eɣid̻o] |
| /pakimimi/ | [pagimimi] |
| /xake/ | [xage] |
| /ame/ | [ame] |
| /keipi/ | [keibi] |
| /kis̻a/ | [kiz̻a] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.