Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̥̻ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̥̻ n͡m n̥̻ˠ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̥̻ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /kan̻en̻a/ | [kan̻en̻a] |
| /at̻e/ | [ad̻e] |
| /s̻exe/ | [s̻eɣe] |
| /ɾaxa/ | [ɾaɣa] |
| /kaemi/ | [kaemi] |
| /en̻i/ | [en̻i] |
| /t̻eɾit̻i/ | [t̻eɾid̻i] |
| /s̻an̻ape/ | [s̻an̻abe] |
| /pat̻a/ | [pad̻a] |
| /s̻aee/ | [s̻aee] |
| /s͡f̻ut̻ema/ | [s͡f̻ud̻ema] |
| /t̻io/ | [t̻io] |
| /t̻as̻u/ | [t̻az̻u] |
| /mii/ | [mii] |
| /ɾoie/ | [ɾoie] |
| /mefi/ | [mevi] |
| /s̻oin̻e/ | [s̻oin̻e] |
| /n̻afeɾi/ | [n̻aveɾi] |
| /xipa/ | [xiba] |
| /min͡mea/ | [min͡mea] |
| /n͡m̻ekika/ | [n͡m̻egiga] |
| /fafeka/ | [favega] |
| /mes̻es̻e/ | [mez̻ez̻e] |
| /ɾeke/ | [ɾege] |
| /an̻eku/ | [an̻egʷu] |
| /pifememe/ | [pivememe] |
| /n̻ifa/ | [n̻iva] |
| /ima/ | [ima] |
| /faepe/ | [faebe] |
| /ɾen͡m̻o/ | [ɾen͡m̻o] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.