Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̥̻ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̥̻ n͡m n̥̻ˠ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̥̻ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /pimami/ | [pimami] |
| /ut̻a/ | [ud̻a] |
| /s̻an̻a/ | [s̻an̻a] |
| /kan̻a/ | [kan̻a] |
| /piame/ | [piame] |
| /axe/ | [aɣe] |
| /t̻oket̻e/ | [t̻oged̻e] |
| /s̻umixa/ | [s̻umiɣa] |
| /kut̻i/ | [kʷud̻i] |
| /n̻iaa/ | [n̻iaa] |
| /s͡f̻ot̻afi/ | [s͡f̻od̻avi] |
| /t̻ei/ | [t̻ei] |
| /t̻us̻o/ | [t̻uz̻o] |
| /fee/ | [fee] |
| /kiea/ | [kiea] |
| /maɾe/ | [maɾe] |
| /s̻iema/ | [s̻iema] |
| /miɾake/ | [miɾage] |
| /n̻exi/ | [n̻eɣi] |
| /memoa/ | [memoa] |
| /kat͡p̻en͡m̻i/ | [kad͡b̻en͡m̻i] |
| /ɾuɾat͡p̻a/ | [ɾuɾad͡b̻a] |
| /fas̻as̻o/ | [faz̻az̻o] |
| /kapa/ | [kaba] |
| /amapo/ | [amabo] |
| /xeɾamafa/ | [xeɾamava] |
| /meɾu/ | [meɾu] |
| /emu/ | [emu] |
| /ɾiaxa/ | [ɾiaɣa] |
| /kaki/ | [kagi] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.