Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡mˠ̻ nˠ̻ tˠ̻ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ tˠ̻ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ tˠ̻ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ dˠ̻ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̥̻ d͡bˠ̻ s͡fˠ̻ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̥̻ n͡m n̥ˠ̻ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̥̻ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /fan͡mepa/ | [fan͡meba] |
| /as̻e/ | [az̻e] |
| /kexe/ | [keɣe] |
| /n̻axa/ | [n̻aɣa] |
| /faet͡p̻i/ | [faed͡b̻i] |
| /emi/ | [emi] |
| /s̻on̻us̻i/ | [s̻on̻uz̻i] |
| /kapame/ | [kabame] |
| /t̻aɾa/ | [t̻aɾa] |
| /kaee/ | [kaee] |
| /xos̻eka/ | [xʷoz̻ega] |
| /ɾui/ | [ɾui] |
| /s̻ako/ | [s̻agʷo] |
| /kiu/ | [kiu] |
| /t̻iue/ | [t̻iue] |
| /pen̻u/ | [pen̻u] |
| /kiupe/ | [kiube] |
| /man̻en̻i/ | [man̻en̻i] |
| /xima/ | [xima] |
| /t͡p̻ipoa/ | [t͡p̻iboa] |
| /t̻eɾin͡m̻a/ | [t̻eɾin͡m̻a] |
| /n̻an̻eɾa/ | [n̻an̻eɾa] |
| /kekeko/ | [kegegʷo] |
| /n̻eɾe/ | [n̻eɾe] |
| /amefo/ | [amevo] |
| /min̻epeke/ | [min̻ebege] |
| /pun̻a/ | [pun̻a] |
| /it͡p̻a/ | [id͡b̻a] |
| /n̻aeme/ | [n̻aeme] |
| /n̻et̻a/ | [n̻ed̻a] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.