Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̻̥ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̻̥ n͡m n̻̥ˠ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻̥ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /s̻ikaki/ | [s̻igagi] |
| /opa/ | [oba] |
| /mat̻a/ | [mad̻a] |
| /fut̻u/ | [fud̻u] |
| /s̻ias͡f̻e/ | [s̻iaz͡v̻e] |
| /axe/ | [aɣe] |
| /pafeɾe/ | [paveɾe] |
| /mokixa/ | [mogiɣa] |
| /n̻opi/ | [n̻obi] |
| /miaa/ | [miaa] |
| /t̻apami/ | [t̻abami] |
| /pei/ | [pei] |
| /poma/ | [poma] |
| /mee/ | [mee] |
| /n̻iea/ | [n̻iea] |
| /kafe/ | [kave] |
| /mieka/ | [miega] |
| /kiɾan̻e/ | [kiɾan̻e] |
| /t̻exi/ | [t̻eɣi] |
| /s͡f̻ekaa/ | [s͡f̻egaa] |
| /n̻apen͡m̻i/ | [n̻aben͡m̻i] |
| /ɾofapu/ | [ɾovabu] |
| /mamama/ | [mamama] |
| /fat͡p̻a/ | [fad͡b̻a] |
| /ukas̻a/ | [ugaz̻a] |
| /xefakama/ | [xevagama] |
| /kefo/ | [kevo] |
| /eko/ | [egʷo] |
| /fiaxa/ | [fiaɣa] |
| /fan̻i/ | [fan̻i] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.