Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̻̥ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̻̥ n͡m n̻̥ˠ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻̥ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /ɾaket͡p̻a/ | [ɾaged͡b̻a] |
| /is̻i/ | [iz̻i] |
| /pixi/ | [piɣi] |
| /mixi/ | [miɣi] |
| /ɾaen̻a/ | [ɾaen̻a] |
| /eko/ | [egʷo] |
| /s̻emut̻a/ | [s̻emud̻a] |
| /pin̻aki/ | [pin̻agi] |
| /mas̻a/ | [maz̻a] |
| /n͡m̻aie/ | [n͡m̻aie] |
| /xes̻ipa/ | [xez̻iba] |
| /s̻ua/ | [s̻ua] |
| /s̻ipe/ | [s̻ibe] |
| /pou/ | [pou] |
| /maue/ | [maue] |
| /n̻et̻u/ | [n̻ed̻u] |
| /n͡m̻aut͡p̻e/ | [n͡m̻aud͡b̻e] |
| /kat̻emo/ | [kad̻emo] |
| /xaka/ | [xaga] |
| /n̻on̻ei/ | [n̻on̻ei] |
| /mifoɾa/ | [mivoɾa] |
| /t̻it̻ifi/ | [t̻id̻ivi] |
| /pepipe/ | [pebibe] |
| /mifi/ | [mivi] |
| /ikeɾe/ | [igeɾe] |
| /kot̻en̻epe/ | [kʷod̻en̻ebe] |
| /t͡p̻ut̻i/ | [t͡p̻ud̻i] |
| /on̻i/ | [on̻i] |
| /t̻aeki/ | [t̻aegi] |
| /mema/ | [mema] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.