Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡mˠ̻ nˠ̻ tˠ̻ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ tˠ̻ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ tˠ̻ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ dˠ̻ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̻̥ d͡bˠ̻ s͡fˠ̻ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̻̥ n͡m nˠ̻̥ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻̥ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /kamima/ | [kamima] |
| /es̻e/ | [ez̻e] |
| /pexe/ | [peɣe] |
| /n̻exe/ | [n̻eɣe] |
| /kaeɾa/ | [kaeɾa] |
| /imo/ | [imo] |
| /s̻in̻us̻a/ | [s̻in̻uz̻a] |
| /pemat̻e/ | [pemad̻e] |
| /t̻an͡m̻a/ | [t̻an͡m̻a] |
| /paei/ | [paei] |
| /xis̻epa/ | [xiz̻eba] |
| /n͡mua/ | [n͡mua] |
| /s̻epi/ | [s̻ebi] |
| /pou/ | [pou] |
| /n̻aui/ | [n̻aui] |
| /min̻u/ | [min̻u] |
| /paume/ | [paume] |
| /man̻in̻o/ | [man̻in̻o] |
| /xat̻a/ | [xad̻a] |
| /ɾomie/ | [ɾomie] |
| /fekoka/ | [fegʷoga] |
| /n̻en̻eke/ | [n̻en̻ege] |
| /ɾipepi/ | [ɾibebi] |
| /n̻eke/ | [n̻ege] |
| /emiki/ | [emigi] |
| /t̻on̻iɾiɾi/ | [t̻on̻iɾiɾi] |
| /mun̻e/ | [mun̻e] |
| /oɾe/ | [oɾe] |
| /n̻ait̻e/ | [n̻aid̻e] |
| /n̻ifa/ | [n̻iva] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.