Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̻̥ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̻̥ n͡m n̻ˠ̥ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻̥ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /xas̻is̻e/ | [xaz̻iz̻e] |
| /apa/ | [aba] |
| /kaka/ | [kaga] |
| /ɾaka/ | [ɾaga] |
| /xeame/ | [xeame] |
| /it̻o/ | [id̻o] |
| /piɾun̻e/ | [piɾun̻e] |
| /mas̻et̻a/ | [maz̻ed̻a] |
| /fapa/ | [faba] |
| /kaai/ | [kaai] |
| /n͡m̻ipame/ | [n͡m̻ibame] |
| /pue/ | [pue] |
| /n̻aki/ | [n̻agi] |
| /mou/ | [mou] |
| /ɾeui/ | [ɾeui] |
| /s̻in̻u/ | [s̻in̻u] |
| /keus̻a/ | [keuz̻a] |
| /t̻an̻iɾo/ | [t̻an̻iɾo] |
| /ket͡p̻e/ | [ked͡b̻e] |
| /mos̻ia/ | [moz̻ia] |
| /n͡mapoxa/ | [n͡maboɣa] |
| /n̻an̻apa/ | [n̻an̻aba] |
| /mikaki/ | [migagi] |
| /ɾapa/ | [ɾaba] |
| /at̻ixi/ | [ad̻iɣi] |
| /t̻on̻imimi/ | [t̻on̻imimi] |
| /s̻un̻a/ | [s̻un̻a] |
| /oma/ | [oma] |
| /n̻ait̻a/ | [n̻aid̻a] |
| /ɾis͡f̻e/ | [ɾiz͡v̻e] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.