Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̻̥ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̻̥ n͡m n̻ˠ̥ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻̥ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /t̻apepa/ | [t̻abeba] |
| /imi/ | [imi] |
| /n̻iki/ | [n̻igi] |
| /ɾiki/ | [ɾigi] |
| /t̻aet͡p̻a/ | [t̻aed͡b̻a] |
| /exo/ | [eɣʷo] |
| /men͡muma/ | [men͡muma] |
| /n̻ipaxi/ | [n̻ibaɣi] |
| /s̻ama/ | [s̻ama] |
| /kaie/ | [kaie] |
| /kemin̻a/ | [kemin̻a] |
| /mua/ | [mua] |
| /min̻e/ | [min̻e] |
| /n̻ou/ | [n̻ou] |
| /faue/ | [faue] |
| /peɾu/ | [peɾu] |
| /kaupe/ | [kaube] |
| /xamefo/ | [xamevo] |
| /kas̻a/ | [kaz̻a] |
| /t͡p̻opei/ | [t͡p̻obei] |
| /fimot̻a/ | [fimod̻a] |
| /ɾiɾimi/ | [ɾiɾimi] |
| /n̻en̻in̻e/ | [n̻en̻in̻e] |
| /ɾin͡m̻i/ | [ɾin͡m̻i] |
| /ixet̻e/ | [iɣed̻e] |
| /xoɾepen̻e/ | [xʷoɾeben̻e] |
| /puɾi/ | [puɾi] |
| /ot͡p̻i/ | [od͡b̻i] |
| /ɾaexi/ | [ɾaeɣi] |
| /n͡mefa/ | [n͡meva] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.