Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡mˠ̻ nˠ̻ tˠ̻ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ tˠ̻ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ tˠ̻ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ dˠ̻ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̥̻ d͡bˠ̻ s͡fˠ̻ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̥̻ n͡m nˠ̥̻ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̥̻ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /faɾiɾa/ | [faɾiɾa] |
| /as̻i/ | [az̻i] |
| /kika/ | [kiga] |
| /n̻aka/ | [n̻aga] |
| /xait̻e/ | [xaid̻e] |
| /ime/ | [ime] |
| /s̻on̻es̻e/ | [s̻on̻ez̻e] |
| /kaɾami/ | [kaɾami] |
| /maxa/ | [maɣa] |
| /kaii/ | [kaii] |
| /n͡m̻os̻it̻a/ | [n͡m̻oz̻id̻a] |
| /s̻eu/ | [s̻eu] |
| /s̻ako/ | [s̻agʷo] |
| /t̻ee/ | [t̻ee] |
| /n̻uei/ | [n̻uei] |
| /ɾipe/ | [ɾibe] |
| /kueɾi/ | [kʷueɾi] |
| /t͡p̻apin̻e/ | [t͡p̻abin̻e] |
| /kema/ | [kema] |
| /t̻eɾoa/ | [t̻eɾoa] |
| /n̻axefa/ | [n̻aɣeva] |
| /papixa/ | [pabiɣa] |
| /t̻ikiko/ | [t̻igigʷo] |
| /n̻ixa/ | [n̻iɣa] |
| /at͡p̻ifo/ | [ad͡b̻ivo] |
| /mepit̻it̻i/ | [mebid̻id̻i] |
| /ɾepa/ | [ɾeba] |
| /et̻a/ | [ed̻a] |
| /paimi/ | [paimi] |
| /n̻in̻u/ | [n̻in̻u] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.