Phonemic inventory
Consonants
| | Laminal
labial-alveolar | | Bilabial-alveolar | | Labial | | Laminal
alveolar | | Alveolar | | Velar |
|---|
| Nasal | | n͡m̻ | | n͡m | | m | | n̻ | | | | |
|---|
| Stop | | t͡p̻ | | | | p | | t̻ | | | | k |
|---|
| Fricative | | s͡f̻ | | | | f | | s̻ | | | | x |
|---|
| Tap | | | | | | | | | | ɾ | | |
|---|
Vowels
| | Front | | Central | | Back |
|---|
| High | | i | | | | u |
|---|
| Mid-high | | e | | | | o |
|---|
| Low | | | | a | | |
|---|
Syllable structure
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
- Non-velar obstruents or nasals [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ ...] become velarised [n͡m̻ˠ n̻ˠ t̻ˠ ...] before a velar obstruent.
- Alveolar consonants other than [ɾ], i.e. [n͡m̻ n̻ t̻ˠ ...], assimilate in laminality to a following alveolar consonant.
- [ɾ] persistently become [ɾ̥] after a non-nasal phone except a non-nasal vowel or resonant.
- Non-nasal consonants [t͡p̻ t fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal and become voiceless word-finally.
- Short non-glottal stop non-glottal fricative voiceless consonants [t͡p̻ t̻ˠ f ...] become voiced [d͡b̻ d̻ˠ v ...] between a voiced phone and a voiced phone.
- Velar obstruents [k g x ɣ] become rounded [kʷ gʷ xʷ ɣʷ] before a non-low rounded vowel.
- Consonants [n͡m̻ pˠ s͡fˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Consonants [n͡m̥̻ d͡b̻ˠ s͡f̻ˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal.
- Non-sibilant coronal alveolar nasals [n͡m̥̻ n͡m n̥̻ˠ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
- Labial obstruents or nasals [n͡m̥̻ m̥ p ...] persistently assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Some words
| /fepape/ | [febabe] |
| /oka/ | [oga] |
| /n͡m̻aɾa/ | [n͡m̻aɾa] |
| /mus̻u/ | [muz̻u] |
| /keat̻i/ | [kead̻i] |
| /at͡p̻i/ | [ad͡b̻i] |
| /kamixi/ | [kamiɣi] |
| /t̻open̻a/ | [t̻oben̻a] |
| /n̻oke/ | [n̻oge] |
| /ɾeaa/ | [ɾeaa] |
| /s̻akat̻e/ | [s̻agad̻e] |
| /kie/ | [kie] |
| /xon͡m̻a/ | [xʷon͡m̻a] |
| /t̻ii/ | [t̻ii] |
| /meia/ | [meia] |
| /paxi/ | [paɣi] |
| /ɾeipa/ | [ɾeiba] |
| /n͡mexami/ | [n͡meɣami] |
| /ɾin̻e/ | [ɾin̻e] |
| /t̻ipaa/ | [t̻ibaa] |
| /makife/ | [magive] |
| /xoxaku/ | [xʷoɣagʷu] |
| /t̻an͡m̻an͡m̻a/ | [t̻an͡m̻an͡m̻a] |
| /maka/ | [maga] |
| /upafa/ | [ubava] |
| /n̻ixas͡f̻at̻a/ | [n̻iɣaz͡v̻ad̻a] |
| /pixo/ | [piɣʷo] |
| /it̻o/ | [id̻o] |
| /xean̻a/ | [xean̻a] |
| /mame/ | [mame] |
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.2 / 5.0a with seed 2736615686.